Low Emissions Diesel Engine Research

From autolab

Contents 1 Researchers 2 Sponsor 3 Abstract 4 Background 5 Goals of the work 6 Equipment 6.1 Engine Specifics 6.2 Test Cell Specifics 6.3 Data Acquisition 6.4 Emissions Analysis

[edit] Researchers

• Dennis Assanis, PI
• Zoran Filipi
• Ashwin Salvi
• Rajit Johri
• Fernando Tavares

[edit] Sponsor

• Automotive Research Center (U.S. Army TACOM)

[edit] Abstract

The research in this lab focuses on understanding diesel engine emissions formation and powertrain performance during realistic transient operation. This is accomplished through use of highly dynamic hardware and software that is especially suited to transient measurements. A Simulink environment is used to construct virtual vehicles with definable powertrain characteristics. These high-fidelity vehicle dynamics models then run in real-time as the engine operates and are used to calculate engine loads and speeds during a prescribed driving cycle.

[edit] Background

While current engine emissions models provide acceptable predictions at steady-state operation, they do not fully capture the emissions formation during realistic transient engine processes. To better understand the emissions that are formed as the engine operates in a vehicle, an engine-in-the-loop test cell has been developed. This allows the engine to be operated as though it is in an actual vehicle. Vehicle and driver parameters can be modified to investigate the emissions impact of driveline modifications and driver aggressiveness. The configuration, components selection and sizing, and control of hybrid powertrains can also be analyzed.

[edit] Goals of the work

• Quantify the impact of transients on emissions over a driving cycle
• Characterize diesel emissions formation during realistic transients
• Analyze engine systems operation to understand transient in-cylinder conditions
• Suggest and implement alternative engine control strategies to mitigate transient emissions formation
• Provide transient emissions data for development of more robust transient emissions models
• Provide transient emissions understanding as an input to hybrid vehicle control strategy in order to avoid highly-pollutive transients

[edit] Equipment

[edit] Engine Specifics

• Configuration: V-8 Diesel
• Manufacturer: International Engine Corporation, Chicago, IL
• Displacement: 6.0 L (365 CI)
• Bore and Stroke: 95mm x 105 mm (3.74" x 4.134")
• Compression Ratio: 18.0:1
• Valve Configuration: 4 OHV/cylinder, 1 Cam-in-Block
• Injection System: High-pressure oil system with electronically-actuated injectors
• Aspiration: Variable-geometry turbocharger
• Rated Power: 242 kW (325 hp) at 3300 RPM
• Peak Torque: 759 N-m (560 ft-lb) at 2000 RPM
• Total Engine Weight: 438 kg (966 lb)
• Coolant Flow: 282.8 L/min (74.7 gal/min) at 3300 RPM
• Air Flow: 20.7 m³/min (732 CFM) at 3300 RPM
• Exhaust Flow: 42.4 m³/min (1499 CFM) at 3300 RPM
• Oil Flow: 70 L/min (18.5 GPM) at 3300 RPM

[edit] Test Cell Specifics

• Dynamometer: AVL APA Series 100
• Absorbing Rating: Constant Torque at 1400 N-m (1033 ft-lb) to 2250 RPM
• Constant Power at 330 kW (442.5 hp) to 4500 RPM
• Motoring Rating: Constant Torque at 1273 N-m (939 ft-lb) to 2250 RPM
• Constant Power at 300 kW (402.3 hp) to 4500 RPM
• Maximum Speed: 8000 rpm
• Moment of Inertia: 2.8 kg-m²
• Torque Response (0-100%): 5 ms
• Torque Reversal (-100% to +100%): 10 ms

[edit] Data Acquisition

• Low Speed: AVL PUMA Open
  • Channels: 64
  • Sampling Frequency: 1-100 Hz

• High Speed: Indimaster 671 Advanced
  • Channels: 12
  • Sampling Frequency: 1 Hz-100 kHz

[edit] Emissions Analysis

• Bench: AVL CEB-II System
• Analyzers: NO, NOx O₂, CO, CO₂, EGR CO₂, HC
• Particlates: Cambustion Fast Particluate Spectometer
• Cambustion 500CLD Fast NOx Analyzer
• Cambustion NDIR500 Fast CO and CO₂ Analyzer