cosign wiki:CosignCGIs

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Hello!
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=Cosign CGIs=
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Cosign has two CGIs: ''cosign.cgi'' and ''logout''.
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== cosign.cgi ==
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cosign.cgi, the "login" CGI, is responsible for logging users into and out of the central Cosign server. It is also responsible for registering each service a user logs into; this action ties the user's central login cookie to their session on individual application servers, such as a web mail client, web directory client, or CourseTools environment. The prototype CGI was built to use Kerberos V/GSSAPI to authenticate the user. Guest accounts via Cosign Friend and a MySQL database are also supported, as is authentication with Apache's BasicAuth and x.509 certificates. Cosign 2.x supports external authenticators with a new API, which enables the CGI to use an arbitrary login method by calling out to an external program.
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The CGI also has the ability to prompt the user to re-enter their password in order to access any service that has registered for re-authentication. This means that before the CGI will '''REGISTER''' a service cookie for a service configured for re-authentication, the user must successfully authenticate again. This is considered more secure and gives a slightly better assurance that users are in fact who they claim to be.
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== Logout ==
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The logout CGI is responsible for logging users out of the central cosign server. Once a logout has been verified, the logout CGI clobbers the login cookie by writing a cookie with the value <tt>null</tt> and setting the cookie's expiration date to a time in the past. Since all state is maintained centrally, the user is immediately logged out of all applications visited during the current session, with one notable exception:
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Due to the implementation of data caching in the filters, the most recent application a user has visited will still report the user as being logged in for the duration of cache time (default is 60 seconds). In order to avoid this lag, a local logout script can be run on the application server to expire the local cosign-service cookie. This marks the user as logged out locally and can then redirect the user to the central logout script. After the logout has been verified, the user is truly logged out of all Cosign-protected services.
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== CGI Templates ==
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The templates used by Cosign CGIs fall into two broad categories: ''dynamic'' and ''static''.
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===Dynamic Pages===
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The tables below list the required fields for dynamically-generated Cosign pages. They are dynamic in that
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the variable <tt>$l</tt> in the template for reauth.html will be replaced by the CGI with the login name of the currently logged-in user. Fields like <tt>verify</tt> in verify-logout.html are required, but their value can be determined on a per-installation basis.
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<table style="border: 2px solid black; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; border-collapse: collapse; margin: 1.6em 0 1.6em 0;">
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<tr>
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<td width="209" colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; border: 1px solid black;">Page Name</td>
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<td width="269" colspan="2" style="border: 1px solid black;">login.html</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td width="479" colspan="4" style="border: 1px solid black;">draws the login screen for initial logins using cosign.cgi</td>
 +
</tr>
 +
<tr>
 +
<td width="71" style="font-weight: bold; border: 1px solid black;">Method</td>
 +
<td width="138" style="border: 1px solid black;">post</td>
 +
<td width="72" style="font-weight: bold; border: 1px solid black;">Action</td>
 +
<td width="197" style="border: 1px solid black;">/cosign-bin/cosign.cgi</td>
 +
</tr>
 +
<tr>
 +
<td width="71" style="border: 1px solid black;">&nbsp;</td>
 +
<td width="138" style="border: 1px solid black;">&nbsp;</td>
 +
<td width="269" colspan="2" style="border: 1px solid black;">&nbsp;</td>
 +
</tr>
 +
<tr>
 +
<td width="71" style="font-weight: bold; border: 1px solid black; border-width: 2px 1px 2px 1px;">Value</td>
 +
<td width="138" style="font-weight: bold; border: 1px solid black; border-width: 2px 1px 2px 1px;">Form Field Name</td>
 +
<td width="269" colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; border: 1px solid black; border-width: 2px 1px 2px 1px;">Description</td>
 +
</tr>
 +
<tr>
 +
<td width="71" style="border: 1px solid black;">$t</td>
 +
<td width="138" style="border: 1px solid black;">&nbsp;</td>
 +
<td width="269" colspan="2" style="border: 1px solid black;">the page title, e.g. CoSign: $t</td>
 +
</tr>
 +
<tr>
 +
<td width="71" style="border: 1px solid black;">$r</td>
 +
<td width="138" style="border: 1px solid black;">ref</td>
 +
<td width="269" colspan="2" style="border: 1px solid black;">URL to redirect upon successful login</td>
 +
</tr>
 +
<tr>
 +
<td width="71" style="border: 1px solid black;">$c</td>
 +
<td width="138" style="border: 1px solid black;">service</td>
 +
<td width="269" colspan="2" style="border: 1px solid black;">the service cookie received on the
 +
query string</td>
 +
</tr>
 +
<tr>
 +
<td width="71" style="border: 1px solid black;">$f</td>
 +
<td width="138" style="border: 1px solid black;">required</td>
 +
<td width="269" colspan="2" style="border: 1px solid black;">required factors from filter via query string</td>
 +
</tr>
 +
<tr>
 +
<td width="71" style="border: 1px solid black;">$d</td>
 +
<td width="138" style="border: 1px solid black;">&nbsp;</td>
 +
<td width="269" colspan="2" style="border: 1px solid black;">required factors already satisfied via CHECK</td>
 +
</tr>
 +
<tr>
 +
<td width="71" style="border: 1px solid black;">$l</td>
 +
<td width="138" style="border: 1px solid black;">login</td>
 +
<td width="269" colspan="2" style="border: 1px solid black;">the user id of the person attempting to
 +
login</td>
 +
</tr>
 +
<tr>
 +
<td width="71" style="border: 1px solid black;">&nbsp;</td>
 +
<td width="138" style="border: 1px solid black;">password</td>
 +
<td width="269" colspan="2" style="border: 1px solid black;">field for user to enter their password</td>
 +
</tr>
 +
</table>
 +
<table style="border: 2px solid black; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; border-collapse: collapse; margin: 1.6em 0 1.6em 0;">
 +
<tr>
 +
<td width="209" colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; border: 1px solid black;">Page Name</td>
 +
<td width="269" colspan="2" style="border: 1px solid black;">error.html</td>
 +
</tr>
 +
<tr>
 +
<td width="479" colspan="4" style="border: 1px solid black;">reports any non-retryable errors from cosign.cgi</td>
 +
</tr>
 +
<tr>
 +
<td width="71" style="font-weight: bold; border: 1px solid black;">Method</td>
 +
<td width="138">n/a</td>
 +
<td width="72" style="font-weight: bold; border: 1px solid black;">Action</td>
 +
<td width="197">n/a</td>
 +
</tr>
 +
<tr>
 +
<td width="71" style="border: 1px solid black;">&nbsp;</td>
 +
<td width="138" style="border: 1px solid black;">&nbsp;</td>
 +
<td width="269" colspan="2" style="border: 1px solid black;">&nbsp;</td>
 +
</tr>
 +
<tr>
 +
<td width="71" style="font-weight: bold; border: 1px solid black; border-width: 2px 1px 2px 1px;">Value</td>
 +
<td width="138" style="font-weight: bold; border: 1px solid black; border-width: 2px 1px 2px 1px;">Form Field Name</td>
 +
<td width="269" colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; border: 1px solid black; border-width: 2px 1px 2px 1px;">Description</td>
 +
</tr>
 +
<tr>
 +
<td width="71" style="border: 1px solid black;">$t</td>
 +
<td width="138" style="border: 1px solid black;">&nbsp;</td>
 +
<td width="269" colspan="2" style="border: 1px solid black;">the page title, e.g. CoSign: $t</td>
 +
</tr>
 +
<tr>
 +
<td width="71" style="border: 1px solid black;">$e</td>
 +
<td width="138" style="border: 1px solid black;">&nbsp;</td>
 +
<td width="269" colspan="2" style="border: 1px solid black;">field to print relevant error message</td>
 +
</tr>
 +
</table>
 +
<table style="border: 2px solid black; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; border-collapse: collapse; margin: 1.6em 0 1.6em 0;">
 +
<tr>
 +
<td width="209" colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; border: 1px solid black;">Page Name</td>
 +
<td width="269" colspan="2" style="border: 1px solid black;">login_error.html</td>
 +
</tr>
 +
<tr>
 +
<td width="479" colspan="4" style="border: 1px solid black;">draws login screen when a retryable error is encountered
 +
by cosign.cgi</td>
 +
</tr>
 +
<tr>
 +
<td width="71" style="font-weight: bold; border: 1px solid black;">Method</td>
 +
<td width="138" style="border: 1px solid black;">post</td>
 +
<td width="72" style="font-weight: bold; border: 1px solid black;">Action</td>
 +
<td width="197">/cosign-bin/cosign.cgi</td>
 +
</tr>
 +
<tr>
 +
<td width="71" style="border: 1px solid black;">&nbsp;</td>
 +
<td width="138" style="border: 1px solid black;">&nbsp;</td>
 +
<td width="269" colspan="2" style="border: 1px solid black;">&nbsp;</td>
 +
</tr>
 +
<tr>
 +
<td width="71" style="font-weight: bold; border: 1px solid black; border-width: 2px 1px 2px 1px;">Value</td>
 +
<td width="138" style="font-weight: bold; border: 1px solid black; border-width: 2px 1px 2px 1px;">Form Field Name</td>
 +
<td width="269" colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; border: 1px solid black; border-width: 2px 1px 2px 1px;">Description</td>
 +
</tr>
 +
<tr>
 +
<td width="71" style="border: 1px solid black;">$t</td>
 +
<td width="138" style="border: 1px solid black;">&nbsp;</td>
 +
<td width="269" colspan="2" style="border: 1px solid black;">the page title, e.g. CoSign: $t</td>
 +
</tr>
 +
<tr>
 +
<td width="71" style="border: 1px solid black;">$r</td>
 +
<td width="138" style="border: 1px solid black;">ref</td>
 +
<td width="269" colspan="2" style="border: 1px solid black;">URL to redirect upon successful login</td>
 +
</tr>
 +
<tr>
 +
<td width="71" style="border: 1px solid black;">$c</td>
 +
<td width="138" style="border: 1px solid black;">service</td>
 +
<td width="269" colspan="2" style="border: 1px solid black;">the service cookie received on the
 +
query string</td>
 +
</tr>
 +
<tr>
 +
<td width="71" style="border: 1px solid black;">$f</td>
 +
<td width="138" style="border: 1px solid black;">required</td>
 +
<td width="269" colspan="2" style="border: 1px solid black;">required factors from filter via query string</td>
 +
</tr>
 +
<tr>
 +
<td width="71" style="border: 1px solid black;">$d</td>
 +
<td width="138" style="border: 1px solid black;">&nbsp;</td>
 +
<td width="269" colspan="2" style="border: 1px solid black;">required factors already satisfied via CHECK</td>
 +
</tr>
 +
<tr>
 +
<td width="71" style="border: 1px solid black;">$l</td>
 +
<td width="138" style="border: 1px solid black;">login</td>
 +
<td width="269" colspan="2" style="border: 1px solid black;">the user id of the person attempting to
 +
login</td>
 +
</tr>
 +
<tr>
 +
<td width="71" style="border: 1px solid black;">&nbsp;</td>
 +
<td width="138" style="border: 1px solid black;">password</td>
 +
<td width="269" colspan="2" style="border: 1px solid black;">&nbsp;</td>
 +
</tr>
 +
<tr>
 +
<td width="71" style="border: 1px solid black;">$e</td>
 +
<td width="138" style="border: 1px solid black;">&nbsp;</td>
 +
<td width="269" colspan="2" style="border: 1px solid black;">field to print relevant error message</td>
 +
</tr>
 +
</table>
 +
<table style="border: 2px solid black; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; border-collapse: collapse; margin: 1.6em 0 1.6em 0;">
 +
<tr>
 +
<td width="209" colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; border: 1px solid black;">Page Name</td>
 +
<td width="269" colspan="2" style="border: 1px solid black;">verify-logout.html</td>
 +
</tr>
 +
<tr>
 +
<td width="479" colspan="4" style="border: 1px solid black;">draws logout confirmation screen</td>
 +
</tr>
 +
<tr>
 +
<td width="71" style="font-weight: bold; border: 1px solid black;">Method</td>
 +
<td width="138" style="border: 1px solid black;">post</td>
 +
<td width="72" style="font-weight: bold; border: 1px solid black;">Action</td>
 +
<td width="197">/cosign-bin/logout</td>
 +
</tr>
 +
<tr>
 +
<td width="71" style="border: 1px solid black;">&nbsp;</td>
 +
<td width="138" style="border: 1px solid black;">&nbsp;</td>
 +
<td width="269" colspan="2" style="border: 1px solid black;">&nbsp;</td>
 +
</tr>
 +
<tr>
 +
<td width="71" style="font-weight: bold; border: 1px solid black; border-width: 2px 1px 2px 1px;">Value</td>
 +
<td width="138" style="font-weight: bold; border: 1px solid black; border-width: 2px 1px 2px 1px;">Form Field Name</td>
 +
<td width="269" colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; border: 1px solid black; border-width: 2px 1px 2px 1px;">Description</td>
 +
</tr>
 +
<tr>
 +
<td width="71" style="border: 1px solid black;">$t</td>
 +
<td width="138" style="border: 1px solid black;">&nbsp;</td>
 +
<td width="269" colspan="2" style="border: 1px solid black;">the page title, e.g. CoSign: $t</td>
 +
</tr>
 +
<tr>
 +
<td width="71" style="border: 1px solid black;">$u</td>
 +
<td width="138" style="border: 1px solid black;">url</td>
 +
<td width="269" colspan="2" style="border: 1px solid black;">URL to redirect upon successful logout</td>
 +
</tr>
 +
<tr>
 +
<td width="71" style="border: 1px solid black;">Logout</td>
 +
<td width="138" style="border: 1px solid black;">verify</td>
 +
<td width="269" colspan="2" style="border: 1px solid black;">submit button</td>
 +
</tr>
 +
</table>
 +
<table style="border: 2px solid black; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; border-collapse: collapse; margin: 1.6em 0 1.6em 0;">
 +
<tr>
 +
<td width="209" colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; border: 1px solid black;">Page Name</td>
 +
<td width="269" colspan="2" style="border: 1px solid black;">reauth.html</td>
 +
</tr>
 +
<tr>
 +
<td width="479" colspan="4" style="border: 1px solid black;">draws login screen for re-authentication</td>
 +
</tr>
 +
<tr>
 +
<td width="71" style="font-weight: bold; border: 1px solid black;">Method</td>
 +
<td width="138" style="border: 1px solid black;">post</td>
 +
<td width="72" style="font-weight: bold; border: 1px solid black;">Action</td>
 +
<td width="197">/cosign-bin/cosign.cgi</td>
 +
</tr>
 +
<tr>
 +
<td width="71" style="font-weight: bold; border: 1px solid black;">Method</td>
 +
<td width="138" style="border: 1px solid black;">post</td>
 +
<td width="72" style="font-weight: bold; border: 1px solid black;">Action</td>
 +
<td width="197" style="border: 1px solid black;">/cosign-bin/logout</td>
 +
</tr>
 +
<tr>
 +
<td width="71" style="border: 1px solid black;">&nbsp;</td>
 +
<td width="138" style="border: 1px solid black;">&nbsp;</td>
 +
<td width="269" colspan="2" style="border: 1px solid black;">&nbsp;</td>
 +
</tr>
 +
<tr>
 +
<td width="71" style="font-weight: bold; border: 1px solid black; border-width: 2px 1px 2px 1px;">Value</td>
 +
<td width="138" style="font-weight: bold; border: 1px solid black; border-width: 2px 1px 2px 1px;">Form Field Name</td>
 +
<td width="269" colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; border: 1px solid black; border-width: 2px 1px 2px 1px;">Description</td>
 +
</tr>
 +
<tr>
 +
<td width="71" style="border: 1px solid black;">$t</td>
 +
<td width="138" style="border: 1px solid black;">&nbsp;</td>
 +
<td width="269" colspan="2" style="border: 1px solid black;">the page title, e.g. CoSign: $t</td>
 +
</tr>
 +
<tr>
 +
<td width="71" style="border: 1px solid black;">$r</td>
 +
<td width="138" style="border: 1px solid black;">ref</td>
 +
<td width="269" colspan="2" style="border: 1px solid black;">URL to redirect upon successful login</td>
 +
</tr>
 +
<tr>
 +
<td width="71" style="border: 1px solid black;">$r</td>
 +
<td width="138" style="border: 1px solid black;">url</td>
 +
<td width="269" colspan="2" style="border: 1px solid black;">URL to redirect upon successful logout</td>
 +
</tr>
 +
<tr>
 +
<td width="71" style="border: 1px solid black;">$c</td>
 +
<td width="138" style="border: 1px solid black;">service</td>
 +
<td width="269" colspan="2" style="border: 1px solid black;">the service cookie received on the
 +
query string</td>
 +
</tr>
 +
<tr>
 +
<td width="71" style="border: 1px solid black;">$f</td>
 +
<td width="138" style="border: 1px solid black;">required</td>
 +
<td width="269" colspan="2" style="border: 1px solid black;">required factors from cgi’s reauth config</td>
 +
</tr>
 +
<tr>
 +
<td width="71" style="border: 1px solid black;">$l</td>
 +
<td width="138" style="border: 1px solid black;">login</td>
 +
<td width="269" colspan="2" style="border: 1px solid black;">the user id of the person attempting to
 +
login</td>
 +
</tr>
 +
<tr>
 +
<td width="71" style="border: 1px solid black;">&nbsp;</td>
 +
<td width="138" style="border: 1px solid black;">password</td>
 +
<td width="269" colspan="2" style="border: 1px solid black;">field for user to enter their password</td>
 +
</tr>
 +
<tr>
 +
<td width="71" style="border: 1px solid black;">true</td>
 +
<td width="138" style="border: 1px solid black;">reauth</td>
 +
<td width="269" colspan="2" style="border: 1px solid black;">flag for CGI</td>
 +
</tr>
 +
<tr>
 +
<td width="71" style="border: 1px solid black;">true</td>
 +
<td width="138" style="border: 1px solid black;">verify</td>
 +
<td width="269" colspan="2" style="border: 1px solid black;">flag for CGI</td>
 +
</tr>
 +
</table>
 +
 
 +
===Static Pages===
 +
The following pages are required by cosign.cgi but have no dynamically-generated content:<br/>
 +
* '''post_error.html''' – The filter will redirect users to this page should a <tt>REGISTER</tt> be required during a <tt>POST</tt>. Cosign does not currently support <tt>REGISTER</tt>ing through a <tt>POST</tt>, and as such, a user’s data would be lost. Instead, the user sees a splash page that tells them that their changes were not saved, informs them of ways to avoid the problem in the future, and gives a link to the login page.<br/>
 +
* '''looping.html''' – The cosign.cgi CGI redirects a user to this page when a browser loop is detected. These are caused by ill-configured filters or badly-behaving browsers. This page has some helpful text to inform the user of possible causes of the loop and how to contact support staff.<br/>
 +
* '''/services/''' – By default, a successful login with no referrer destination URL will be redirected to https://weblogin.example.com/services/. This is called the “service menu” and it is an ideal jumping-off point for listing your institution’s Cosign-protected services.
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== More information: ==
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[[Cosign_Wiki:SSO_Scheme|SSO Overview]]
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[[Cosign_Wiki:CosignCookies|Cookies]]
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[[Cosign_Wiki:CosignFilter|Filter]]
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[[Cosign_Wiki:CosignDaemons|Daemons]]
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--[[User:Jd@bnl.gov|John]] 16:50, 14 November 2006 (EST)

Current revision

Contents

Cosign CGIs

Cosign has two CGIs: cosign.cgi and logout.

cosign.cgi

cosign.cgi, the "login" CGI, is responsible for logging users into and out of the central Cosign server. It is also responsible for registering each service a user logs into; this action ties the user's central login cookie to their session on individual application servers, such as a web mail client, web directory client, or CourseTools environment. The prototype CGI was built to use Kerberos V/GSSAPI to authenticate the user. Guest accounts via Cosign Friend and a MySQL database are also supported, as is authentication with Apache's BasicAuth and x.509 certificates. Cosign 2.x supports external authenticators with a new API, which enables the CGI to use an arbitrary login method by calling out to an external program.

The CGI also has the ability to prompt the user to re-enter their password in order to access any service that has registered for re-authentication. This means that before the CGI will REGISTER a service cookie for a service configured for re-authentication, the user must successfully authenticate again. This is considered more secure and gives a slightly better assurance that users are in fact who they claim to be.


Logout

The logout CGI is responsible for logging users out of the central cosign server. Once a logout has been verified, the logout CGI clobbers the login cookie by writing a cookie with the value null and setting the cookie's expiration date to a time in the past. Since all state is maintained centrally, the user is immediately logged out of all applications visited during the current session, with one notable exception:

Due to the implementation of data caching in the filters, the most recent application a user has visited will still report the user as being logged in for the duration of cache time (default is 60 seconds). In order to avoid this lag, a local logout script can be run on the application server to expire the local cosign-service cookie. This marks the user as logged out locally and can then redirect the user to the central logout script. After the logout has been verified, the user is truly logged out of all Cosign-protected services.


CGI Templates

The templates used by Cosign CGIs fall into two broad categories: dynamic and static.

Dynamic Pages

The tables below list the required fields for dynamically-generated Cosign pages. They are dynamic in that the variable $l in the template for reauth.html will be replaced by the CGI with the login name of the currently logged-in user. Fields like verify in verify-logout.html are required, but their value can be determined on a per-installation basis.

Page Name login.html
draws the login screen for initial logins using cosign.cgi
Method post Action /cosign-bin/cosign.cgi
     
Value Form Field Name Description
$t   the page title, e.g. CoSign: $t
$r ref URL to redirect upon successful login
$c service the service cookie received on the query string
$f required required factors from filter via query string
$d   required factors already satisfied via CHECK
$l login the user id of the person attempting to login
  password field for user to enter their password
Page Name error.html
reports any non-retryable errors from cosign.cgi
Method n/a Action n/a
     
Value Form Field Name Description
$t   the page title, e.g. CoSign: $t
$e   field to print relevant error message
Page Name login_error.html
draws login screen when a retryable error is encountered by cosign.cgi
Method post Action /cosign-bin/cosign.cgi
     
Value Form Field Name Description
$t   the page title, e.g. CoSign: $t
$r ref URL to redirect upon successful login
$c service the service cookie received on the query string
$f required required factors from filter via query string
$d   required factors already satisfied via CHECK
$l login the user id of the person attempting to login
  password  
$e   field to print relevant error message
Page Name verify-logout.html
draws logout confirmation screen
Method post Action /cosign-bin/logout
     
Value Form Field Name Description
$t   the page title, e.g. CoSign: $t
$u url URL to redirect upon successful logout
Logout verify submit button
Page Name reauth.html
draws login screen for re-authentication
Method post Action /cosign-bin/cosign.cgi
Method post Action /cosign-bin/logout
     
Value Form Field Name Description
$t   the page title, e.g. CoSign: $t
$r ref URL to redirect upon successful login
$r url URL to redirect upon successful logout
$c service the service cookie received on the query string
$f required required factors from cgi’s reauth config
$l login the user id of the person attempting to login
  password field for user to enter their password
true reauth flag for CGI
true verify flag for CGI

Static Pages

The following pages are required by cosign.cgi but have no dynamically-generated content:

  • post_error.html – The filter will redirect users to this page should a REGISTER be required during a POST. Cosign does not currently support REGISTERing through a POST, and as such, a user’s data would be lost. Instead, the user sees a splash page that tells them that their changes were not saved, informs them of ways to avoid the problem in the future, and gives a link to the login page.
  • looping.html – The cosign.cgi CGI redirects a user to this page when a browser loop is detected. These are caused by ill-configured filters or badly-behaving browsers. This page has some helpful text to inform the user of possible causes of the loop and how to contact support staff.
  • /services/ – By default, a successful login with no referrer destination URL will be redirected to https://weblogin.example.com/services/. This is called the “service menu” and it is an ideal jumping-off point for listing your institution’s Cosign-protected services.


More information:

SSO Overview

Cookies

Filter

Daemons


--John 16:50, 14 November 2006 (EST)

Retrieved from "http://webservices.itcs.umich.edu/mediawiki/cosign/index.php/cosign_wiki:CosignCGIs"
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